What Is Plasma and What Is It Used For

Plasma is considered the fourth state of matter. The other fundamental states of matter are liquids, solids,  and gases. Typically, plasma is made by heating a gas until its electrons have sufficient energy to escape the hold of the positively charged nuclei. As molecular bonds break and atoms gain or lose electrons, ions form. Plasma can be made using a laser, microwave generator, or any strong electromagnetic field. Although you may not hear much about plasma, it is the most common prevalent state of matter in the universe and it relatively common on Earth. What Is Plasma Made Of? Plasma is made  of free electrons  and positively charged ions (cations). Properties of Plasma Because plasma consists of charged particles, plasma reacts to electromagnetic fields and conducts electricity. In contrast, most gases are electrical insulators.Like a gas, plasma has neither a defined shape nor volume.When plasma is exposed to a magnetic field, it may assume structures, including layers, filaments, and beams. A good example of some of these structures can be observed in a plasma ball. What Is Plasma Used For? Plasma is used in television, neon signs and fluorescent lights. Stars, lightning, the Aurora,  and some flames consist of plasma. Where Can You Find Plasma? You probably encounter plasma more often than you think. More exotic sources of plasma include particles in nuclear fusion reactors and weapons, but everyday sources include the Sun, lightning, fire, and neon signs. Other examples of plasma include static electricity, plasma balls, St. Elmos fire, and the ionosphere.

International Business Term Paper ( Draft ) - 1327 Words

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TERM PAPER (DRAFT) Globalization is a process that permitted the world’s nations to strengthen their relationships and to get closer each other when they built commercial, economic financial and other types of relationships. Globalization contributed to the connectedness of countries’ economies and to some degree countries’ cultures. Canada is one the countries that benefits of the effects of globalization. Our paper will focus on the investments opportunities and advantages for U.S business in Canada as investors, focal firm or born global firms. (COUNTRY BACKGROUND) Canada is a country located in North America. Canada has a terrestrial border with only the United States and is bordered by the North Atlantic Ocean in the east, North Pacific Ocean in the west and Artic Ocean in the north (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook). The country is composed of ten provinces and has three territories. It is a country that is larger a little bit larger than United States. Canada is one the biggest country in the world in the world with its 9,984,670 sq. km. Canada has a population size of 34,834,841 inhabitants and the most important part of this population is the 25-54 years. The country has also a good migrant rate and which can explain in part the size of its population. The governmental system is characterized by three principal features: a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy. The country is leaded by a prime ministerShow MoreRelatedFuture Impact Of Iso 45001- Health And Safety Management System On Workplace1674 Words   |  7 Pages 4. Research papers on ISO 45001 5. Information for ISO 45001 Abstract: ISO 45001 is a New International Standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems. 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The Purposes of the Three Witches in Macbeth Free Essays

The Purposes of the Three Witches in Macbeth Macbeth is a symbolic story of how people can be easily influenced. In the beginning of the play, Macbeth meets the three witches and hears about his prophecy from them which he will become the next King of Scotland. These witches are important characters to develop the story. We will write a custom essay sample on The Purposes of the Three Witches in Macbeth or any similar topic only for you Order Now Every time when Macbeth needed them, he received prophecies from them. These prophecies affect Macbeth and reveal his evil personality. As revealed in the play, the purposes of the three witches in the play are to foreshadow, advance the plot, and show the human weakness. One of the purposes of the witches in the play is to set allusions. In the beginning of act one scene one, the three witches plan? to meet at the open field to see Macbeth after the battle is over. As they promised, they wait for Macbeth and Banquo to return from the battlefield. When they faced each other, the third witch said, â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter†(Macbeth 1. 3. 51) to Macbeth. Then the first witch tells Banquo that, â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none/ So all hail, Macbeth and Banquo! †(Macbeth 1. 3. 8-69), which she meant that Banquo will become the father of the kings. Later in the story, Macbeth seeks for the three witches to hear more about his future. They told him that â€Å"Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn/ The power of man, for none of woman born/ Shall harm Macbeth. †(Macbeth 4. 1 81-83). These prophecies eventually become true. There are no doubts that the tree witches allure the story by tell ing the futures. The weird witches not only foreshadow but also advance the story. The story mainly develops by the prophecies. After Macbeth hears about his future from the witches, he writes a letter to Lady Macbeth, his wife, about the prophecy. Since Lady Macbeth had no doubt about this prophecy of Macbeth becoming the king, she plans to assassinate the King Duncan to fulfill the prophecy. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth put their plan into action. Successfully, Macbeth killed the king and put false charge on Malcolm and Donalbain for assassinating the king to become sovereign. As a result, Macbeth took the next throne of the Scotland. While he rules Scotland with insanity, Malcolm seeks for revenge and makes an army to fight against Macbeth. With a growing fear in Macbeth’s heart, he goes to find the three witches again to receive another prophecy. He gets told that no men who came through a woman’s womb could harm him. He scoffs and eases his fear of death. However towards the end of the play, he faces death by Macduff, who was delivered by cesarean section. By giving prophecies, the witches indirectly affect the play to create tensions. The play of Macbeth clearly showed the human weakness. The witches did not force Macbeth to kill the king or to commit any crimes. Macbeth was a loyal general of King Duncan along with Banquo. However, after he hears the words from the three weird sisters, he had a conversation with Banquo about what they heard and he says, â€Å"My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical,/ Shakes so my single state of man/ That function is smothered in surmise,/ And nothing is but what is not† (Macbeth 1. . 142- 145). From this conversation, his personality was revealed which he is a man who would not kill the king to attain his ambition. However, Macbeth eventually gets affected by the prophecy that he shows his ambitions toward the kingship and his evil personality. His influenced aspect is clearly shown when the second witch notes, that â€Å"By the pricking of my thumbs,/ something wicked this way comes† (Macbeth 4. 1. 44-45). From this quote, it shows that Macbeth’s pe rsonality became evil. The purposes of the witches are not only to develop the story but also to show that people are easily influenced. The weird sisters, the three witches, in the play do not advent often but have essential roles. They give prophecy to Macbeth which creates ambition in his heart. They are the main element that creates the consequences in the play. Their role in the story gave Macbeth a thought that they know he would expand on and reveal his human weakness. Work Cited Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. New York: Signet Classic, 1987. Print How to cite The Purposes of the Three Witches in Macbeth, Papers

Analytic Hierarchy Process

Question: Discuss about the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Answer: Introduction Nursing is a profession, where the professionals have to focus on the health and well-being of the care givers, experiencing any kind of health related issues. In the nursing profession, professionals have to deal with patients, in long-term care for severe injury or disorder. In long-term care, different kind of patients attitudes is experienced by the professionals, which sometimes enhances nurses burnout. There are several reasons behind patients changed attitudes towards the medical staffs (1), (8). In case of patients experiencing fracture, pain is pivotal cause of changed attitude. In this research, the aim is to explore the attitude of patients in long-term care centre, who are living with fracture. With the help of this research findings, nursing professionals would be able to gain an insight of the ways, by which patients attitude can be improved. Research Aim The aim of this research is to explore the patients attitude in long-term hospital stay, living with fracture. Research question What are the attitudes of patient with fracture with long stay in the hospital? What are the factors that are influencing patients attitude in long-term hospital stay? What are the recommendations towards nurses to improve patients attitude, who are living with fracture, in long-term care? Literature Review It has been observed in the hospitals, that patients, who have experienced a severe bone fracture, stayed in hospital for longer period, it is because, recovery from bone fracture is usually time-consuming process. In elderly patients, the due to low calcium concentration and low bone mineral density, this process becomes slower. Due to long-term hospital stay, patients show changed attitude towards the nursing and other medical professionals (2), (4). It has been observed that, long-term hospital stay has several negative consequences, including co-morbidities and wound infections, worsening their health status. In a study, interviewing patients with hip fracture, in a long-term hospital care; four main themes were identified related to their hospital stay and rehabilitation, these include experience of injury, pain experience, recovery experience and the disability experience (3), (5). For instance, if a patient undergoes a hips fracture, until sole recovery, the patient experience loss of independence and disability, which induces stress related symptoms, sometimes, lead to depression and anxiety. The results include changed perception about hospital stay, recovery and nurses practices. One of the major reason behind nurses burnout and depression, while working with long term care patient is their changed behaviors towards the care givers (4). The changed attitude of the long-term patients includes negative perception about the care providers, loss of self-esteem and changed behavior towards other patients and nurses. In this study, when patients were asked about their experience in hospital stay, some of them replied that, it would be better than anything would, if they can go home. It indicates that, with longer- period of hospital stay, patients perception changes, which promote their negative attitude towards the heath care staffs (6), (7). In a study, interviewing the patients undergoing hip fracture and surgery, it has been revealed that the mean age of the patients in the long-term hospital stay is 80 years and they are very much concern about their recovery and self-independence. To understand the attitudes of patients, the immediate expectations of patients should be understood. The immediate expectations off the patients with hip fracture included expression of despair and discouragement, perception of the fact t hat the fracture is going to take a longer period of recovery, change in living situation with the threat of permanent loss of independent living (9). In this context, the factors that are influencing the attitude of long-term patient with fracture, include, patients age, non-friendly environment in the hospital, loss of independence, severity of pain, social isolation, lack of awareness about the recovery process and the pros and cons of their health status, perception of being vulnerable to be abuse and dependent on others, thoughts of uncertain future (12). It has been seen that due to lack of awareness, isolation and frustration regarding their loss of independence and isolation, patients become depressed, agitated and aggressive sometimes, which promote their negative behavior. It has several negative consequences; for instance, it influences the attitude of neighboring patients and makes it difficult for the staffs, to handle them peacefully (10). Methodology The research will be done by following primary research methodology. A primary research methodology will help the researcher to collect primary empirical data, which can be analyzed with the previous literatures on this topic (7). Here, the research would undertake a descriptive research design with mixed method of data collection. The primary data would be collected by surveying 30 patients, experiencing long-term hospital stay as a result of fracture. From the survey, quantitative data would be gathered about the patients experience during their hospital stay. On the other hand, 5 nurse managers would be interviewed for collecting qualitative data about the long-term patients attitude towards the health care processes. The random and non-random data sampling methods would be implemented for sampling the quantitative and qualitative data respectively. The research would be conducted by following the Data protection act 1998, for considering potential ethical issues during the resear ch study. Result and Discussion The primary data would be analyzed on the basis of the information revealed by reviewing the previous literatures on this topic. Expected results include negative perception about long-term hospital stay, wrong perception about nurses practices, worsening of health status, due to negative attitude and perception (11). Negative attitude of patients may enhance nurses depression and burnout. Strategies for overcoming this issue and reducing patients negative attitude would be found through the research findings. Conclusion This study findings would involve the scope of further studies in the domain of improving patients attitude towards nurses, who are in long-term hospital stay or the coping strategies of nurses for handling patients in long-term care, with severe pain due to fracture. The research findings could be used by the health care professionals for developing strategies of dealing improving relationship with long-term care patients, with disabilities. Reference List Ambrosino N, Venturelli E, Vagheggini G, Clini E. Rehabilitation, weaning and physical therapy strategies in chronic critically ill patients. European Respiratory Journal. 2012 Feb 1;39(2):487-92. Cecconi M, Fasano N, Langiano N, Divella M, Costa MG, Rhodes A, Della Rocca G. Goal-directed haemodynamic therapy during elective total hip arthroplasty under regional anaesthesia. Critical Care. 2011 May 30;15(3):1. Danner M, Hummel JM, Volz F, van Manen JG, Wiegard B, Dintsios CM, Bastian H, Gerber A, IJzerman MJ. Integrating patients' views into health technology assessment: Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) as a method to elicit patient preferences. International journal of technology assessment in health care. 2011 Oct1;27(04):369-75. Goroll AH, Mulley AG. Primary care medicine: office evaluation and management of the adult patient. Lippincott Williams Wilkins; 2012 Mar 28. Hommel A, Kock ML, Persson J, Werntoft E. The Patient's View of Nursing Care after Hip Fracture. ISRN nursing. 2012 Jul 3;2012. Horne R, Chapman SC, Parham R, Freemantle N, Forbes A, Cooper V. Understanding patients adherence-related beliefs about medicines prescribed for long-term conditions: a meta-analytic review of the Necessity-Concerns Framework. PloS one. 2013 Dec 2;8(12):e80633. Iwashyna TJ, Netzer G, Langa KM, Cigolle C. Spurious Inferences about Long-Term Outcomes. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2012 Dec 14. Iwashyna TJ, Netzer G. The burdens of survivorship: an approach to thinking about long-term outcomes after critical illness. InSeminars in respiratory and critical care medicine 2012 Aug (Vol. 33, No. 04, pp. 327-338). Thieme Medical Publishers. Lgar F, Witteman HO. Shared decision making: examining key elements and barriers to adoption into routine clinical practice. Health Affairs. 2013 Feb 1;32(2):276-84. Mack JW, Smith TJ. Reasons why physicians do not have discussions about poor prognosis, why it matters, and what can be improved. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2012 Aug 1;30(22):2715-7. Neuhaus V, Swellengrebel CH, Bossen JK, Ring D. What are the factors influencing outcome among patients admitted to a hospital with a proximal humeral fracture?. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2013 May 1;471(5):1698-706. Young HM, Hudson N, Clarke AL, Dungey M, Feehally J, Burton JO, Smith AC. Patient and staff perceptions of intradialytic exercise before and after implementation: a qualitative study. PloS one. 2015 Jun 12;10(6):e0128995.